Samantha Carter, Sam to her friends, is the leading scientist in Astrophysics and most Stargate technologies. Sam was brought into the Stargate program because of her research on wormhole physics. She created the program Stargate command used to run through the glyphs on the gate and the stone tablets from Abedos that located gate addresses. Besides the PH.D. Sam held the rank of Captain in the air force and is a key member to SG1. Throughout her years she was promoted to Major and finally holds the rank of lieutenant Colonel.